9.
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Getting electricity has always been a
problem for the 173 people living in Nuevo Saposoa, a small village in Peru,
South America. However, things went from bad to worse in March 2015 after heavy
rains damaged the only power cables in the area. The villagers were forced to
use oil lamps, which are not only expensive but also dangerous because of the
harmful gases they produce.
Luckily, researchers at the University of
Technology (UT) in Lima, Peru heard about their problem and found a wonderful
solution. They made a lamp that can be powered by plants and soil, both of
which can be easily found in the Amazonian rainforest where the village lies.
The lamp takes energy from a plant growing in a wooden box and uses it to light
up an LED light bulb.
While that may sound amazing and even
impossible, the science behind the idea is quite simple. As plants create their
food (using the sun's energy, water and chemicals from the soil), they also
produce waste which they return to the soil. Tiny animals in the soil eat this
waste and they produce electrons—the building blocks of electrical energy. The
UT team put special sticks inside the soil to capture the energy and keep it in
the lamp's batteries for later use. The researchers say a single charge can
power a 50-watt LED light for two hours —enough time for local villagers to get
their evening work done.
The university gave ten Plant Lamps to the
villagers of Nuevo Saposoa in October 2015. So far, they have been a huge
success! Elmer Ramirez, the UT professor who invented the lamp, believes the
Plant Lamp could help improve the lives of many people, especially in small
rainforest communities, 42% of whom have no electricity.