10.
阅读理解
It may be hard to believe, but the American Revolution (革命) —the war that freed the American states from British control—began
over a cup of tea. Tea was not the only thing that caused the war, of course,
but it played a very big part.
The British people's love of tea is well-known. When the British won
control over much of North America in the early 1700s, they brought their
tea-drinking habits with them. Tea quickly became the continent's most popular
drink. As tea could not be grown locally, just as in Britain, it was shipped
into the country—mostly from India.
In the early 1700s, the Britain government made a special deal with the
East India Company, an English trading company. They agreed that no other
company was allowed to bring tea to Britain or any country controlled by
Britain, including America. It was a great deal for the East India Company,
since it meant that the company could decide whatever price it wanted for its
products. And it always decided on a high price!
In North America, the local people did not like having to pay such high
prices. Instead of overpaying for tea from the British, they turned to Dutch
traders, who secretly brought tea to the country that was just as good—and much
less expensive. Although this broke the law, the American people didn't care.
They got the same cup of tea at a much lower price.
The East India Company, however, didn't like this at all. By the 1760s,
they were losing millions of pounds each year to Dutch traders—a huge amount of
money in a time when £60 a year was considered a good income. Instead of
reducing their prices to compete with the Dutch, the company asked the British
government for help and the government agreed.
In 1767, the British introduced new laws that increased the prices of
all goods which were brought into America. These laws helped make the East
India Company even richer and forced local people to pay much more for
everything. The American leaders asked the British government not to do so, but
the British refused to listen. These unfair laws increased Americans' anger
about British rule and the rest, as they say, is history.