2.
阅读理解
Has
anyone ever told you that eating carrots will help you see in the dark? This is
just one of many incorrect beliefs you may have heard. Below, TEENS has picked out scientific
explanations for three mistakes that people make about their eyes. Let's take a
look.
Can
eating carrots improve your eyesight?
Carrots
are rich in vitamin A, which helps the eyes to turn light into information for
your brain. This allows people to see in darker places. However, eating more carrots
won't help you see better. A certain minimum amount will help, but a large
number of carrots will not give you superhuman vision.
If your
parents have bad eyesight, will you have bad eyesight, too?
Myopia (近视) can be passed from
parents to children. A study by the American Optometric Association found that
if both parents are myopic, there's a 33 to 60 percent chance that their child
will be. For children who have one parent with myopia, the chance is 23 to 40
percent, and it's down to 6 to 15 percent for kids with non-myopic parents. So
if your eyesight is bad, your children might still have good vision.
Do
color blind people see the world in black and white?
Color
blindness doesn't usually mean that people see the world like an old movie.
They usually can't tell certain colors apart, especially green and red. Another
commonly confused pair of colors is yellow and blue. Our eyes have cone cells (视锥细胞) that sense
different wavelengths of light. If these cells don't work properly, color
blindness occurs. There are different levels of color blindness. Some
people are only color blind in low light. However, in the most serious form of
color blindness, everything is shades of gray.