10．
根据短文内容回答下列问题
Pictures
are falling off the wall. Lights are waving. Bed is shaking. Everything is
moving. What's going on? It's an earthquake.
Earthquakes
are horrible disasters (灾难) and some of them are destructive (毁灭性的).
The top layer of the earth is made up of huge pieces of rock. They move past
each other all the time along fault lines
(裂纹线). But sometimes two pieces get stuck together.
When they finally move away from each other, they move suddenly. And this makes
the land above them shake. This is the most common cause of earthquakes.
During
a small earthquake, you will feel a little shaking. But during a strong one,
you will be thrown about. A strong earthquake is very horrible. Cracks will
appear on the ground and windows and doors will break. Buildings will even fall
down. So watch out! If an earthquake happens at sea, it can make big waves
called "tsunamis" (海啸). When
these waves reach land, they can destroy villages.
Earthquakes
are measured (测量) on a scale (等级) of 0-9. It is called the Richter scale. A size 9 earthquake is the
strongest and most dangerous. Since 1900, more than two million people have
died in earthquakes. In 1976, a size 7.8 earthquake hit Tangshan, China. It
killed more than 240,000 people!
Many
earthquakes happened in China, so it is important for us to know what to do
when an earthquake hits. Here are some tips on how to stay safe in an
earthquake.
Indoors
Hide
under a desk or bed. Stay away from windows and anything that could fall on
you.
Do
not get into a lift during an earthquake! When an earthquake has ended, stay
under the desk until it is really safe to get up.
Open
a window and get out of the building quickly if the gas line in your house is
broke.
Outdoors
Move
away from buildings and street lights.
Do
not run outside if you are in a shop and far from the door.
Make
sure you wear shoes after an earthquake. There may be broken glass on the
ground.
